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Overview

Functional programming is a programming paradigm that treats computation as the evaluation of mathematical functions and avoids changing state and mutable data.

Write declarative, composable code using functional programming principles that emphasize:

  • Immutability - Data cannot be changed after creation
  • Pure Functions - Functions always return the same output for the same input with no side effects
  • First-Class Functions - Functions as values that can be assigned, passed, and returned
  • Declarative Style - Focus on what to compute, not how to compute it
  • Composability - Build complex functions from simple ones

Predictability - Pure functions are deterministic and easier to reason about ✅ Testability - Pure functions are easy to test in isolation ✅ Reusability - Small, focused functions can be composed and reused ✅ Parallelization - Immutable data is inherently thread-safe ✅ Maintainability - Less state and side effects reduce bugs ✅ Debugging - Easier to trace and debug without hidden state

  • Pure Functions
  • Immutability
  • First-Class Functions
  • Higher-Order Functions
  • Compose and Pipe
  • Multi-Function Composition
  • Point-Free Style
  • Function Transformation
  • Specialized Functions
  • Practical Applications
  • Maybe/Option Type
  • Either/Result Type
  • Error Handling
  • Immutable Lists
  • Persistent Data Structures
  • Efficient Updates
  • Tail-Call Optimization
  • Trampolines
  • Recursive Patterns
  • Generators
  • Infinite Sequences
  • Performance Optimization
  • Memoization
  • Point-Free Style
  • Pipeline Operations
  • Railway-Oriented Programming
  • Result Types
  • Safe Composition

Start with understanding pure functions and immutability, then progress to function composition and higher-order functions. Once comfortable with the basics, explore functors, monads, and advanced patterns.

  • Ramda - Practical functional library for JavaScript
  • fp-ts - Functional programming in TypeScript
  • Lodash/fp - Functional variant of Lodash
  • Immer - Immutable state updates with JavaScript
  • Immutable.js - Persistent immutable data structures